/* Two research chapters inside the established local type, palette and themes. */
.area-chapter { --area-space:clamp(4rem,7.5vw,7.5rem); color:var(--page-ink); background:var(--page-bg); }
.area-chapter :where(section,article,div,figure,nav,ul,ol,li,p,h1,h2,h3) { min-width:0; }
.area-chapter :where(h1,h2,h3,p,li,a,button,summary,cite) { overflow-wrap:anywhere; }
.area-chapter :is(h1,h2,h3) { margin:0; font-family:"Cormorant Garamond",Georgia,serif; font-weight:500; line-height:1.08; letter-spacing:-.025em; text-wrap:balance; }
.area-chapter h1 { max-width:18ch; font-size:clamp(2.8rem,6vw,5.5rem); line-height:1; }
.area-chapter h2 { max-width:25ch; font-size:clamp(1.9rem,3.3vw,3.25rem); }
.area-chapter h3 { font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.1vw,2rem); }
.area-chapter :is(p,li,dd,dt) { font-size:1.0625rem; line-height:1.8; }
.area-chapter p { margin:0 0 1.25rem; }
.area-chapter :is(a,button,summary):focus-visible { outline:3px solid var(--page-accent); outline-offset:5px; }
.area-chapter a { text-underline-offset:.25em; }
.area-chapter :is(button,summary,a) { -webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent; }
.area-chapter ::selection { color:var(--page-surface); background:var(--page-ink); }
.area-breadcrumb { padding-block:1.5rem; }
.area-breadcrumb ol { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:.5rem 1rem; margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; }
.area-breadcrumb li { display:flex; align-items:center; gap:1rem; }
.area-breadcrumb li+li::before { content:"/"; }
.area-breadcrumb a { display:inline-flex; align-items:center; min-height:44px; color:var(--page-ink); }
.area-hero { padding-block:2rem 3rem; }
.area-hero p { max-width:65ch; }
.area-hero .area-subtitle { margin:1.6rem 0; font-size:1.4rem; line-height:1.5; }
.area-hero-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.08fr) minmax(0,1fr); align-items:center; gap:clamp(2rem,5vw,5rem); }
.area-hero-grid .area-lead { max-width:56ch; }
.area-figure { margin:0; }
.area-figure figcaption { margin:1rem 0; color:var(--page-ink-soft); font-size:.9375rem; line-height:1.7; }
.area-binocular { display:block; width:100%; height:auto; overflow:visible; color:var(--page-ink); }
.area-svg-label { font:500 27px Manrope,Arial,sans-serif; }
.area-svg-small { font:400 22px Manrope,Arial,sans-serif; }
.vision-field--left { color:var(--page-accent); }
.vision-field--right,.vision-common { color:var(--page-ink); }
.area-binocular [data-vision-part] { transition:opacity .25s ease; }
.area-binocular[data-vision-state="left"] [data-vision-part]:not([data-vision-part="left"]),
.area-binocular[data-vision-state="right"] [data-vision-part]:not([data-vision-part="right"]) { opacity:.16; }
.area-binocular[data-vision-state="together"] .vision-field use { opacity:.18; }
.area-controls:not([hidden]) { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:.4rem; margin-block:1.5rem 1.25rem; }
.area-controls button { min-height:48px; padding:.6rem .5rem; border:0; border-radius:0; color:var(--page-ink); background:var(--page-surface-soft); font:500 1rem/1.5 Manrope,Arial,sans-serif; cursor:pointer; touch-action:manipulation; }
.area-controls button[aria-pressed="true"] { color:var(--page-bg); background:var(--page-ink); }
.area-controls button:active { transform:translateY(1px); }
.area-controls button:hover:not([aria-pressed="true"]) { background:var(--page-accent-soft); }
.area-chapter .area-diagram-explanation { min-height:6.3em; margin:0; font-size:1rem; line-height:1.7; }
.area-nav { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:.5rem 1.8rem; margin-top:2rem; }
.area-nav button { min-height:44px; padding:0; border:0; border-radius:0; color:var(--page-ink); background:transparent; font:500 1rem/1.7 Manrope,Arial,sans-serif; text-decoration:underline; text-underline-offset:.3em; text-align:left; cursor:pointer; }
html:not(.has-focus-navigation) .area-nav { display:none; }
.area-section { padding-block:var(--area-space); }
.area-section--paper { background:var(--page-surface); }
.area-section--soft { background:var(--page-surface-soft); }
.area-reading { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr); gap:clamp(2rem,5.5vw,5rem); align-items:start; }
.area-prose { max-width:70ch; }
.area-prose > :last-child { margin-bottom:0; }
.area-prose h3 { margin:2.5rem 0 1rem; }
.area-prose > h3:first-child { margin-top:0; }
.area-prose blockquote { margin:2.5rem 0 1.25rem; }
.area-prose blockquote p { font:500 clamp(1.35rem,2vw,1.75rem)/1.5 "Cormorant Garamond",Georgia,serif; }
.area-prose a { color:var(--page-accent); }
.area-chapter .area-source { display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:.25rem 1.2rem; margin-top:1rem; margin-bottom:1.75rem; font-size:.9375rem; line-height:1.7; }
.area-source a { display:inline-flex; align-items:center; min-height:44px; }
.area-link { display:inline-flex; align-items:center; gap:1rem; min-height:48px; margin-block:.5rem; color:var(--page-accent); font-size:1.0625rem; text-decoration:underline; }
.area-link svg { width:22px; height:22px; flex:0 0 auto; transition:transform .2s ease; }
.area-link:hover svg { transform:translateX(4px); }
.area-rare .area-prose > h3 { margin-top:3rem; }
.area-rare .area-prose > h3+p { margin-top:1rem; }
.area-portal { background:var(--page-surface-soft); }
.area-portal .area-link { font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2.7vw,2rem); }
.area-publications { padding:0; margin:2rem 0 0; list-style:none; }
.area-publications > li { display:grid; grid-template-columns:5rem minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,3rem); padding-block:2.5rem; }
.area-publications > li:nth-child(2n) { background:var(--page-surface-soft); padding-inline:1.5rem; margin-inline:-1.5rem; }
.area-publications time { font:500 2.2rem/1.1 "Cormorant Garamond",Georgia,serif; font-variant-numeric:lining-nums tabular-nums; }
.area-chapter .area-paper-title { margin:0 0 .75rem; font-size:1.125rem; font-weight:600; line-height:1.65; }
.area-paper-title cite { font-style:normal; }
.area-chapter .area-paper-meta { margin-bottom:.65rem; color:var(--page-ink-soft); font-size:.9375rem; line-height:1.7; }
.area-publications details { margin-top:.65rem; }
.area-publications summary { display:list-item; min-height:44px; padding-block:.5rem; font-size:1rem; line-height:1.6; cursor:pointer; }
.area-publications details p { margin-top:.75rem; font-size:.9375rem; }
.area-related h2 { max-width:32ch; }
.area-related ul { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:.5rem 3rem; padding:0; margin:2rem 0 0; list-style:none; }
.area-related a { display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:space-between; gap:1.5rem; min-height:64px; padding-block:.6rem; color:var(--page-ink); font-size:1.125rem; }
.area-related svg { width:23px; height:23px; flex:0 0 auto; }
.area-chapter--doppler h1 { max-width:none; font-size:clamp(2.6rem,6.2vw,5.5rem); }
.area-chapter--doppler h1 span { display:block; }
.area-chapter--doppler .area-hero-copy { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,.9fr); align-items:end; gap:clamp(2rem,5vw,5rem); }
.area-chapter--doppler .area-hero-copy .area-subtitle { margin-top:0; }
.area-flow-stage { padding:clamp(1.5rem,3.5vw,3rem); margin-top:3rem; color:#f4f6f6; background:#132d3b; }
.area-flow-stage .area-flow-svg { display:block; width:100%; height:auto; color:inherit; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-envelope { stroke:#f4f6f6; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-mark :is(path,circle) { opacity:.28; transition:opacity .25s ease; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-mark text { fill:currentColor; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-mark--psv { color:#f1c99c; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-mark--edv { color:#b9d8df; }
.area-flow-stage .flow-mark--ri { color:#f4f6f6; }
.area-flow-svg[data-active-param="psv"] .flow-mark--psv :is(path,circle),
.area-flow-svg[data-active-param="edv"] .flow-mark--edv :is(path,circle),
.area-flow-svg[data-active-param="ri"] .flow-mark--ri :is(path,circle) { opacity:1; }
.area-flow-stage .area-flow-bottom { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1.2fr; align-items:start; gap:2.5rem; }
.area-flow-stage .area-controls { margin:0; }
.area-flow-stage .area-controls button { background:#294650; color:#fff; }
.area-flow-stage .area-controls button[aria-pressed="true"] { color:#132d3b; background:#f4f6f6; }
.area-flow-stage .area-controls button:focus-visible { outline-color:#f4f6f6; }
.area-flow-stage figcaption { color:#d7e1e5; margin-top:1rem; font-size:.9375rem; line-height:1.7; }
.area-flow-stage .area-diagram-explanation { min-height:5.2em; }
.area-chapter--doppler .area-section--standard .area-reading { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,.9fr); }
.area-chapter--doppler .area-section--standard .area-prose { max-width:65ch; }
.area-vessels { margin:2rem 0 0; }
.area-vessels > div { display:grid; grid-template-columns:4rem minmax(0,1fr); gap:1.5rem; margin-bottom:1.5rem; }
.area-vessels dt { font-weight:600; }
.area-vessels dd { margin:0; }
html[data-contrast="true"] .area-flow-stage { background:var(--page-ink); color:var(--page-bg); }
html[data-theme="dark"][data-contrast="true"] .area-flow-stage { background:var(--page-bg); color:var(--page-ink); }
html[data-contrast="true"] .area-flow-stage .flow-envelope,
html[data-contrast="true"] .area-flow-stage .flow-mark { color:inherit; stroke:currentColor; }
html[data-contrast="true"] .area-flow-stage figcaption { color:inherit; }
@media(max-width:1000px) {
 .area-hero-grid { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap:2rem; }
 .area-hero .area-subtitle { font-size:1.2rem; }
 .area-publications > li { grid-template-columns:4rem minmax(0,1fr); }
 .area-paper-context { grid-column:2; }
}
@media(max-width:760px) {
 .area-hero-grid,.area-reading,.area-chapter--doppler .area-hero-copy,.area-chapter--doppler .area-section--standard .area-reading { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr); }
 .area-hero-copy { max-width:65ch; }
 .area-hero-grid { gap:2rem; }
 .area-hero-grid .area-figure { max-width:36rem; justify-self:center; }
 .area-reading { gap:1.75rem; }
 .area-chapter .area-hero-copy { gap:1.5rem; }
 .area-hero .area-subtitle { font-size:1.25rem; }
 .area-flow-stage { margin-inline:-.5rem; padding:1.1rem; }
 .area-flow-stage .area-flow-bottom { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr); gap:1.25rem; }
 .area-binocular .area-svg-label { font-size:38px; }
 .area-flow-svg .area-svg-label { font-size:46px; }
 .area-flow-svg .area-svg-small { font-size:35px; }
 .area-flow-stage .area-diagram-explanation { min-height:8.5em; }
 .area-chapter h2 { max-width:none; }
 .area-nav { gap:.5rem 1.3rem; }
 .area-related ul { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr); }
}
@media(max-width:480px) {
 .area-breadcrumb { padding-block:.8rem; }
 .area-breadcrumb li { font-size:1rem; }
 .area-hero { padding-top:1.25rem; }
 .area-publications > li { grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr); gap:1rem; }
 .area-paper-context { grid-column:auto; }
 .area-publications > li:nth-child(2n) { padding-inline:1rem; margin-inline:-1rem; }
 .area-controls button { font-size:.9375rem; }
 .area-chapter .area-diagram-explanation { min-height:8.7em; }
 .area-chapter--doppler .area-hero-copy { gap:.5rem; }
 .area-flow-svg .area-svg-label { font-size:52px; }
 .area-flow-svg .area-svg-small { font-size:48px; }
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
 .area-chapter *, .area-chapter *::before, .area-chapter *::after { transition:none!important; animation:none!important; scroll-behavior:auto!important; }
}